In a complex programme, the formal leader does not hold every useful piece of information. The person who sees a customer risk, a financial consequence or a technical dependency may need to lead the next minute of the conversation. The group then needs to notice, support and eventually let leadership move again.
Leadership is not the same as permanent control
I have worked in many situations where one person owns the decision but several people hold the evidence. If the leader fills every silence and directs every move, the team becomes dependent on the one person who can see the least detail.
The opposite is not leaderless work. It is a clearer distinction between authority and contribution. Authority can remain explicit while attention moves toward the person whose knowledge matters now.
Improv makes this movement easy to observe. A useful pattern appears, others support it, and someone else introduces the next useful direction. Nobody needs to announce a promotion before contributing.
A strong leader can guide the group and still let the next useful move come from somewhere else.
Two sources that shaped this practice
Follow the Follower appears in Yes, And by Kelly Leonard and Tom Yorton, with the exercise indexed at print page 167. Everyone creates sounds and movements while also copying what they notice from others. The focus is ensemble leadership rather than identifying one permanent leader.
Leaders, Are You Ready To Take The Creative Leap Into The Future? Leadership with Applied Improvisation by Theodore Klein describes applied improvisation through principles including awareness, connection, presence, initiation, agreement, vulnerability, simplicity, value and creation. I read these as a useful leadership sequence. Notice the room, make a contribution, support what becomes useful and do not cling to ownership.
The exercise gives those ideas a physical form. Participants feel the difference between initiating, following and trying to dominate.
What this looks like in a project meeting
Suppose a migration discussion begins with the project manager, moves to an architect when a dependency appears, then to finance when the accounting effect becomes clear. Healthy shared leadership lets attention follow the problem.
The project manager still owns coordination. The architect does not need to win the whole meeting. Finance does not need to defend its territory. Each person leads while their information is central and then gives focus back to the shared outcome.
The practice becomes especially useful when a team says it wants initiative but still waits for permission before every contribution. It reveals whether people can start something and whether others can support it without feeling diminished.
The warning signs
In the exercise, control problems become visible quickly. One person keeps increasing the size or volume of their movement. Another copies nobody and follows a private plan. A third notices everything but never contributes a change.
I do not label these behaviours as personality traits. They are momentary strategies. The value is to try another strategy in the second round.
- Can I initiate without demanding that everyone stay with my idea?
- Can I support another person without disappearing?
- Can I notice when the group has moved and join it?
- Can I let a useful contribution become collective rather than mine?
Connect the room back to work
The physical exercise is only the beginning. I finish by asking the team to name one real conversation where leadership should move more easily. A risk review, customer escalation, design decision or retrospective can all work.
The team then agrees on a visible behaviour. It may be inviting the closest expertise first, stating when a contribution changes the decision or asking who has not yet influenced the shared picture.
That final translation matters. Otherwise the group has an interesting experience and returns to the same meeting habits.
Sources used
- Yes, And by Kelly Leonard and Tom Yorton. Follow the Follower exercise, indexed at print page 167, and the book’s material on ensemble leadership.
- Leaders, Are You Ready To Take The Creative Leap Into The Future? Leadership with Applied Improvisation by Theodore Klein. The discussion of applied improvisation principles and leadership capability.

Max Grillo is an applied improvisation facilitator. He manages and hosts Rice Cookie Improv, is cofounder of Monday Flow Improv and is a member of the Applied Improvisation Network. He combines workshop practice with more than 25 years of experience in technology and transformation.
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